In vitro evaluation of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme, anti-coccidial and antioxidant activities of Laurus nobilis leaf extract

Abstract

Traditional medicine has long utilized medicinal plants to treat various diseases, leveraging their antioxidant and anticoccidian properties. This study investigates the potential effects of Laurus nobilis extract in inhibiting Eimeria magna oocysts, alongside its inhibitory capabilities on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The research employed Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify functional groups within the extract, alongside assays for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, total phenolics, tannins, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS tests. Results revealed the presence of 14 biologically active compounds. The extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, with inhibition values of 2.047586 ± 0.05 and 0.369396 ± 0.00637, respectively. Additionally, the extract demonstrated high levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins, correlating with a notable antioxidant capacity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. Importantly, the Laurus nobilis extract proved effective against E. magna oocysts, highlighting its potential as an antioxidant and anticoccidial.